News_News_ Zhongshan Haihong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Will the expiration date of the medicine be shortened after opening?

The expiration date of the drug refers to the approved period of use of the drug, indicating that the drug under the specified storage conditions to ensure the quality of the period. After opening, the drug may undergo various changes due to contact with air and under the influence of temperature, humidity, light and other factors, which may easily affect the efficacy of the drug and may shorten its use period. Therefore, it is necessary to place the drugs in strict accordance with the specific storage conditions marked on the drug instructions. After opening, the duration of use of bottled drugs is about 2 months at room temperature of 25℃. When used again, it is not suitable for use if the following conditions occur: discoloration, moldy spots, obvious changes in smell or taste; loose tablets or pills, rupture of sugar-coated tablets, appearance of off-color patches or spots, autolysis, etc.; softening of capsules or serious adhesion on the surface, etc. Bagged medicine is mostly granules or powder, which is easy to expire, so it should be used up within 1 month after opening. Once there is moisture absorption, softening caking, dampness and other phenomena, should not be used. Liquid preparations, such as syrup, can be stored at room temperature of 25℃ for 1-3 months after opening, generally not more than 3 months in winter and not more than 1 month in summer. If there is acidity, gas, flocculent suspension, precipitate discoloration, crystallization and other deterioration phenomena, it can no longer be used. Ointment can be kept at room temperature for 2 months at most. If there are obvious particles, dissolution, water and other phenomena, it should not be used. There are many things that need to be paid attention to after the opening of drugs, for the efficacy of drugs and human health, or need to strictly follow the instructions for storage and use, and need to understand certain knowledge of drug storage, in order to better play their role.

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How should we store the medicines we always use at home?

First of all, medicines cannot all be put together. There are three reasons for this: one is because in the long-term storage of drugs, temperature, humidity and other environmental factors will have an impact on them, and complex physical and chemical changes occur. If topical and internal drugs are stored together, they will affect each other. Secondly, there is a risk of confusing the medication and causing harm to the human body. For example, the topical drug Furfuryl Glycolate, the appearance of which is very similar to the strawberry-flavored suspension, can easily cause misuse. Third, it is also unsafe to mix adult and children's medication. Because both may have the same name and similar appearance, but with different specifications, if adult medicines are mistakenly given to children, they may cause serious harm to them. Therefore, it is best to keep all medicines separately. Secondly, many people will keep medicines in the refrigerator, which actually depends on the situation, different drugs are stored under different conditions. The storage temperature of medicines include: room temperature (0℃-30℃), such as Azithromycin dry suspension; cool (0℃-20℃), such as Kratom Bay Combination. Some drugs also require sealing, avoiding light, drying, etc. For example, the solubility of drugs in syrup agents at too low a temperature may decrease, resulting in drug concentrations that do not match the label; creams are kept at too low a temperature, which may cause stratification of the matrix and affect its uniformity and efficacy. Therefore, the preservation of drugs or to comply with the requirements of the word "storage" on the outer packaging or instructions.

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What should I pay attention to after opening the medicine?

Nowadays, many families are equipped with commonly used drugs, and it is very common to store and reuse drugs after opening if they cannot be used up at once. However, it is necessary to understand that there are many matters that need to be noted after the opening of medicines. How to deal with the cotton, desiccant, etc. in the medicine after opening? Cotton or white paper are often seen in the bottles of medicine, which mainly play the role of filling to avoid damage to the medicine due to violent shaking and vibration during the transportation process. And the desiccant attached to the medicine is to absorb moisture and keep the dry environment in the medicine bottle, which is conducive to the stable preservation of the medicine. When the medicine is opened, there is generally no risk of violent shaking, so the cotton or white paper can be "retired". However, desiccant is not recommended to be discarded immediately, because its drying function is sustainable and can persist until the drug is used up. Therefore, when you take the medicine, you should pay attention to the sealing of the medicine bottle and don't open the cap for a long time, so as to avoid that the quantitative desiccant will over absorb the moisture in the atmosphere and become invalid. Of course, if it is clearly written in the instruction that the desiccant will cause harm to the medicine and there are words such as "discard", it is necessary to adjust the treatment immediately.

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Haihong science: knowledge of common clinical emergency drugs

I. Adrenaline [Alias] Adrenaline. [Pharmacology] It has agonistic effect on both α and β receptors, which strengthens myocardial contraction, accelerates heart rate, increases myocardial oxygen consumption, causes contraction of skin mucosa and small blood vessels of internal organs, but dilates coronary blood vessels and skeletal muscle vessels, in addition, it has the effect of relaxing bronchial and gastrointestinal smooth muscle. [Indications] Rescue treatment of cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis, bronchial asthma. [Commonly used formulation] Injection: 1ml (1mg). [Precautions] 1. Use with caution for hypertension, organic heart disease, coronary atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, digitalis poisoning, trauma and hemorrhagic shock, etc. Cardiogenic asthma is contraindicated. 2, adverse reactions: headache, palpitations, increased blood pressure, convulsions, pallor, excessive sweating, tremor, urinary retention. 3, subcutaneous injection or intramuscular injection, to change the injection site to avoid tissue necrosis, injection must be back to draw no return blood before injection to avoid accidentally into the vein, closely observe the changes in blood pressure and pulse rate during injection to avoid causing a sudden rise in blood pressure and tachycardia. 4, with this drug can increase myocardial and systemic oxygen consumption, so it must be fully oxygenated, pay attention to the occurrence of acidosis. Noradrenaline [Alias] Noradrenaline. [Pharmacology] It mainly agonizes α receptors, and has a weak agonistic effect on β receptors, and has a strong vasoconstrictive effect to make the small arteries and small veins of the body contract, increase peripheral resistance, and increase blood pressure. [Indications] Various kinds of shock, hypotension, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, but hemorrhagic shock is prohibited. [Commonly used formulation] Injection: 1ml (2mg). [Precautions] 1, Contraindicated in patients with hypertension, arteriosclerosis, anuria. 2, adverse reactions: local tissue ischemic necrosis, urinary hypotension, urinary closure acute renal failure, headache, hypertension, reflex bradycardia. 3、When injecting, use a straight, large, elastic vein, strengthen observation, if the skin pale and painful, should immediately change the injection site, and phentolamine 5-10mg plus 0.9% saline solution for local infiltration injection, do not apply heat. 4, injection should start with a small dose, measure blood pressure at any time, adjust the speed of administration, so that blood pressure remains within the normal range. 5、This product is gradually discolored when exposed to light and should be stored away from light. 6、Inject with alkaline drugs such as aminophylline and sodium sulfamethoxazole. 7. Avoid prolonged use during resuscitation to avoid irreversible death due to poor capillary perfusion. Isoprenaline [Alias] Isoprenaline, asthma treatment. [Pharmacology] B agonist. Acts on β1 receptor, enhances myocardial contractility, accelerates heart rate, accelerates conduction, increases cardiac output and myocardial oxygen consumption, relaxes bronchial and intestinal smooth muscle. The coronary arteries are also diastolic to varying degrees, and the total peripheral resistance of blood vessels is reduced, promoting glycogen and lipolysis to enhance tissue oxygen consumption. [Indications] Cardiac arrest, atrioventricular block, bronchial asthma, cardiogenic and toxic shock. [Commonly used preparations] Injection: 2ml (1mg). Tablet: 10mg. aerosol: 0.25%, 5%. [Precautions] 1. Angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, etc. are contraindicated. 2, Adverse reactions: headache, palpitations, dizziness, dry throat, nausea, chest pain, shortness of breath. 3. Closely observe the changes of ECG, pulse and blood pressure, and adjust the concentration and dose according to the patient's condition. 4、If the heart rate is >110 beats/min, ECG is abnormal or the patient has chest pain, stop the drug immediately and report to the doctor in time. 5、Teach the patient to use the aerosol, saliva and sputum can be pink after use, rinse the mouth after use to avoid stimulating the mouth and throat. 6、Continuous use can produce tolerance, patients should be informed not to abuse, and the number of inhalation and inhalation volume should be limited. IV. Lobeline [Alias] Lobeline. [Pharmacology] Excite the carotid sinus and aortic body chemoreceptor reflex excitation respiratory center, on the plant nerve first excitation and then inhibition. [Indications] Asphyxia in newborns, poisoning by carbon monoxide, inhalation anesthetics and other central depressant drugs, respiratory failure caused by pneumonia, diphtheria and other infectious diseases. [Commonly used preparations] Injection: 1ml (3mg). [Precautions] 1. Adverse reactions: nausea, vomiting, choking and coughing, headache, palpitations, etc. Large doses may cause brady

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Study shows for the first time that intermittent fasting may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes

Recent research presented at the annual meeting of the European Society of Endocrinology suggests that intermittent fasting may have serious effects on a person's metabolism. This is the first study to show that intermittent fasting diets may actually damage the pancreas and affect insulin function in normal healthy people, which can lead to diabetes and serious health problems. Specifically, the new study, led by Ana Claudia Munhoz Bonassa, a researcher at the University of São Paulo in Brazil, suggests that intermittent fasting may impair normal pancreatic activity and insulin secretion, which in turn may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. In their study, the researchers found that fasting for short periods of time increased oxidative stress and free radical production. Oxidative stress and excess free radicals accelerate the aging process and damage our DNA, increasing the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative disorders. To find out if intermittent fasting does produce free radicals, Bonassa and her colleagues placed healthy adult rats on a diet for three months. During this time, the researchers measured and monitored the rodents' insulin levels and function, body weight and free radical levels. At the end of the dieting period, the rats lost weight as expected. However, the distribution of fat in their bodies changed in a surprising way. The amount of abdominal adipose tissue increased in the rodents. Recent studies have shown a strong relationship between abdominal fat and type 2 diabetes, and some studies have even suggested a molecular mechanism by which the former may lead to the latter. In addition, Bonassa and colleagues found signs of damage to insulin-secreting pancreatic cells, as well as higher levels of free radicals and insulin resistance. Commenting on the findings, the study's lead author said, "We should consider that overweight or obese individuals who choose an intermittent fasting diet may already have insulin resistance. Although such diets may lead to rapid weight loss early on, they may cause potentially serious damage to their health in the long term, such as the development of type 2 diabetes." In the future, the scientists plan to study in more detail the damaging effects of intermittent fasting on the normal function of the pancreas and insulin. This article is reprinted from other websites. We produce APIs and intermediates for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, please feel free to contact us if you need!

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Indications for biologics are rapidly expanding to include osteoporosis, multiple sclerosis, asthma, anti-infectives, cardiovascular and many other areas

Original title: An article to read the development prospects of China's biologics market Source; Sina Pharmaceutical News By: E Drug Manager Biologics is one of the fastest growing sub-sectors in the pharmaceutical industry in recent years, and the global market size is expected to rise from $202 billion in 2016 to $326 billion in 2022, with a compound annual growth rate of 3%. China's market size grew from $62.7 billion in 2012 to $152.7 billion in 2016, with a compound annual growth rate of 24.9%.Frost & Sullivan expects China's biologics to maintain a compound annual growth rate of 16.4% from 2016 to 2021, reaching a market size of $326.9 billion by 2021. 1. Biologics will account for 30% in 2022 From the global drug sales ranking in the past few years, it can be seen that the proportion of biologics in the top 10 drugs in sales has been increasing year by year. 2017, seven are biomacromolecules, fully demonstrating the market's recognition of biologics. For the future market, Evaluate Pharma predicts that biologics will continue to maintain a strong market position, with the market share of biologics expected to rise from 25% ($202 billion) in 2016 to 30% ($326 billion) in 2022. Leading global pharmaceutical R&D companies are increasingly focused on biologic macromolecules, with more than 900 biologics in development for the world's 18 largest pharmaceutical companies alone. The investment of resources and funding in biologics R&D, continuous technological advances, and increasing awareness of disease have enabled pharmaceutical companies to continue to develop innovative biologics with superior efficacy and safety. The rapid growth of biologics is driven by three main factors: rapid expansion of indications, with the indications of biologics represented by antibody drugs rapidly expanding to include osteoporosis, multiple sclerosis, asthma, anti-infectives, cardiovascular and many other areas; accelerated progress of new drug launches, with the FDA approving a record high of 10 new antibody drugs in 2017; and the gradual expiration of patents for heavyweight biologics, with annual sales expected to combined $70-80 billion in biologics will lose patent protection in the next five years, which presents a significant opportunity for the development of biosimilars. Driven by increased healthcare spending, enhanced R&D capabilities, positive government policy changes and increased capital investment, China's biologics market has been growing rapidly over the past several years, outpacing the global market, and is expected to continue to grow strongly in the future. According to Frost & Sullivan, the market size of biologics in China grew from RMB 62.7 billion in 2012 to RMB 152.7 billion in 2016, with a compound annual growth rate of 24.9%. It is expected to grow at a CAGR of 16.4% from 2016 to 2021, reaching a market size of RMB 326.9 billion in 2021, presenting huge opportunities for Chinese biologics players. Meanwhile, antibody drugs, as an emerging segment of biologics, will see rapid growth, according to a Frost & Sullivan report, the market size of monoclonal antibodies in China increased from RMB 3.5 billion in 2012 to RMB 9.1 billion in 2016, with a CAGR of 26.8%. It is estimated to continue growing at a CAGR of 25.0% from 2016 to 2021, reaching a market size of RMB 27.6 billion in 2021. Recommendation: Our APIs and intermediates for the treatment of osteoporosis, multiple sclerosis, asthma, anti-infection, cardiovascular, tumor and other diseases are Anseritrapib, Vandetanib, Ospemifene, Minophosphate, etc. For more details, please browse our catalog or call us.

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Ann Rheum Dis: Patients with psoriatic arthritis need to prevent cardiovascular events

Literature title: Incidence and predictors for cardiovascular events in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Literature source: Ann Rheum Dis 2015 Oct 22 To assess the incidence and risk factors for cardiovascular events in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Researchers conducted a cohort study in which subjects were recruited from a large psoriatic arthritis (PsA) hospital for a follow-up survey between 1978-2013. Participants did assessments at 6-12 month intervals according to a standard protocol. Information collected included demographics, lifestyle habits, medical history, medication use history, and outcomes associated with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The primary outcome was a composite of primary cardiovascular endpoints, including myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, angioplasty, and cardiovascular death. The association between characteristics of disease activity and the occurrence of cardiovascular events was assessed using a Cox proportional risk model. Researchers analyzed 1091 cases of prostate-specific antigen. During the follow-up period, a total of 104 cardiovascular events occurred. A significant proportion of patients had a cardiovascular event (19.8% of patients, aged 70 years; 30.1%, aged 80 years). In the last decades (from 1978-2013), no trend in the presence of cardiovascular events was observed (p=0.73). In multivariate analysis, the following variables were independent predictors of major cardiovascular events: hypertension (relative risk ratio (RR) 1.81,P = 0.015), diabetes mellitus (RR 2.72,P<0.001) and number of finger shapes (RR 1.20,P<0.001). Sedimentation rate was a significant predictor for female patients only (RR = 1.83,P = 0.02). Patients with psoriatic arthritis had a significant increase in cardiovascular events during the disease progression. The increased cardiovascular risk correlated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors and disease activity. We produce APIs and intermediates for the treatment of psoriasis, Apoest and Apoest intermediates, if you need them, please feel free to contact us!

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Alendronate improves bone density in patients with cystic fibrosis

Long-term complications of cystic fibrosis include osteoporosis and fragility fractures, but there are few data on effective treatment strategies, especially in younger patients. We investigated the treatment of low bone mineral density in children, adolescents and young cystic fibrosis patients. A study by Italian scholars showed that alendronate improved bone density in patients with cystic fibrosis. This multicenter randomized controlled study was conducted in two phases. Patients aged 5-30 years with cystic fibrosis and low bone density were first enrolled from 10 cystic fibrosis treatment centers in Italy. The phase I trial was a 12-month open study looking at the effects of adequate calcium intake and osteodiol. The Phase II study was a 12-month double-blind randomized placebo-controlled parallel group study of the safety and efficacy of oral alendronate in patients with less than 5% increase in bone mineral density from the Phase I study. Patients were randomly assigned to the oral alendronate and placebo groups in a double-blind study. We used dual-energy X-rays to observe BMD at baseline and at 6 months of treatment, corrected for weight, and assessed lumbar spine BMD. We assessed bone turnover index and other laboratory parameters every 3-6 months. The primary study endpoint was the mean increase in lumbar spine BMD in the intention-to-treat population. The results showed that we screened 540 cases and included 171 of these patients (mean age 13.8 years, range 5-30 years). During the observation period, 43 patients (25%) ingested calcium and osteodiol to increase BMD by more than 5%. The remaining 128 patients were entered into a randomized group trial. Patients in the alendronate group increased BMD by 16.3% (N=65) compared to 3.1% in the placebo group (N=63, p=0.001). 19 of 57 young patients (33.3%) treated with alendronate achieved an age-normal BMD Z-score. During the observation period, moderate hypercalciuria occurred in 5 patients, all of whom improved after a short interruption of osteodiol therapy. During the randomized study period, hypothermia occurred in 1 patient taking alendronate but not in patients in the placebo group. There were also no significant differences between the treatment and placebo groups in terms of other adverse effects.

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FDA approves marketing of a diabetes drug, liragliptin

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved on the 2nd a treatment for type II diabetes oral tablet Tradjenta (generic name "Liragliptin") on the market, Liragliptin can be used to improve the ability of type II diabetes patients to control blood sugar. Type II diabetes, also known as adult-onset diabetes, is the most common form of diabetes and is characterized by insulin resistance, meaning that the body is able to produce insulin, but the body's tissues are insensitive to the effects of insulin and normal amounts of insulin do not have a normal hypoglycemic effect. By inhibiting dipeptidyl peptidase-4, liragliptin raises the level of a hormone that stimulates insulin release, which in turn improves blood sugar control in those who take it. The FDA said the drug's safety and effectiveness were demonstrated in eight double-blind clinical trials involving about 3,800 patients with type II diabetes, with major side effects including upper respiratory infections, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pain and headache. Produced by Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals in Connecticut, USA, Liragliptin can be taken alone or in combination with other available medications.

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